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I can’t speak for Butler, but I acknowledge the reality that all human beings have free will and we are influenced by, but not determined by our genetics and environment. As I have explored in multiple previous articles, “who we are” is a dynamic process of multiple factors but continuously created by our interactions with the world and our choices. There is no “essential nature” of anything, but we are who we are embedded in a world and in response to that world. We are given a blueprint at birth, and molded by our environment. but we have free will, and those who embrace that can transform who they are.

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Douglas Giles, PhD
Douglas Giles, PhD

Written by Douglas Giles, PhD

Philosopher by trade & temperament, professor for 21 years, bringing philosophy out of its ivory tower and into everyday life. https://dgilesauthor.com/

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